9/5/2023 0 Comments Hurricane opalNo warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. ![]() A synthetic removal of specific potential vor. While there is a trough interaction simulated within the model, we suggest that the hurricane develops strongly without an important interaction with the trough. Far from the storm (≥400 km), divergence features near 200 mb are significantly influenced by convective events over land that are, perhaps, only indirectly influenced by the hurricane. Upper-level divergence exhibits significant vertical structure, such that single-level or layer-average analysis techniques do not capture the divergence signature aloft. Variations in these mean terms can be primarily attributed to variations in the heating rate. A detailed examination of each of the terms of the budget (mean and eddy vorticity flux, mean and eddy vertical advection, and “friction”) shows for the most rapidly intensifying episodes a greater forcing for mean tangential winds near the center of the storm, particularly from the mean vertical advection and mean vorticity flux terms. Using a mean tangential wind budget, and the Eliassen balanced vortex model, positive eddy vorticity fluxes aloft are identified in the vicinity (∼600 km) of Opal, but are not found to aid intensification. This study presents the first step toward diagnosing the mechanisms for intensification within a moderate resolution (∼15 km) hydrostatic model and testing the extant hypotheses in the literature. While falling short of the realized peak intensity, the simulation did capture the phase of intensification. Forecast fields from the 1997 version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Hurricane Prediction System (GFDL model) for Hurricane Opal are used to diagnose the rapid intensification of the tropical cyclone. This intensification was underforecast by the National Hurricane Center. ![]() Abstract: Hurricane Opal (1995) crossed the Gulf of Mexico rapidly intensifying to a 130-kt storm, then fortunately weakening before landfall on the Florida panhandle.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |